Ficha de relación
Francia
Panamá
Evaluación de la relación
Las explicaciones registradas están disponibles actualmente en inglés.
Tax cooperation alongside a dispute over France’s tax-haven listing of Panama
Francia hacia Panamá
+10France concluded a bilateral tax convention with Panama. In 2016, France also treated Panama as a tax haven, prompting a diplomatic dispute.
Panamá hacia Francia
+10Panama concluded a bilateral tax convention with France. In 2016, Panama objected to France’s tax-haven treatment and responded by listing France as a country discriminating against Panama.
Relación general
+15The bilateral relationship includes a tax convention that provides a framework for cooperation, but tax policy has also generated a public dispute. The limited known range of concrete cooperation and the episode of reciprocal listings indicate a relationship with practical engagement but some friction.
Cómo interpretar estas puntuaciones
Las puntuaciones son valoraciones aproximadas, no mediciones objetivas ni una verificación actual. Las puntuaciones direccionales describen políticas y actuaciones gubernamentales, no la opinión pública. La puntuación general es una estimación independiente, nunca un promedio.
- −100
- Hostilidad extrema y sostenida
- −50
- Considerablemente adversa
- 0
- Mixta o neutral, respaldada por información
- +50
- Considerablemente cooperativa
- +100
- Asociación excepcionalmente estrecha y sostenida
«Sin evaluar» significa que no hay una puntuación registrada. La existencia de una pareja no implica reconocimiento diplomático ni relaciones establecidas.
Contexto de la relación
Panorama general
France and Panama have a bilateral tax convention providing for tax cooperation, alongside a notable dispute over France’s treatment of Panama as a tax haven in 2016. These concrete areas support a picture of limited cooperation alongside periodic friction; the broader scope and durability of government cooperation are unclear.
Áreas de tensión
- France’s 2016 designation of Panama as a tax haven and Panama’s reciprocal listing of France as a country discriminating against it.
Acontecimientos clave
France and Panama signed a convention on avoiding double taxation and preventing tax evasion.
France treated Panama as a tax haven; Panama responded by listing France as a country discriminating against Panama.
Principales incertidumbres
- The extent of practical cooperation under the bilateral tax convention is unclear.
- The breadth of government cooperation beyond tax matters is unclear.