Ficha de relación
Irak
España
Evaluación de la relación
Las explicaciones registradas están disponibles actualmente en inglés.
A relationship shaped by Spain’s 2003 intervention and later security cooperation against ISIS.
Irak hacia España
+10The Iraqi government cooperated with international efforts against ISIS that included Spanish military trainers, providing a basis for Iraqi-Spanish security cooperation. The extent of Iraq’s other direct government cooperation with Spain is unclear.
España hacia Irak
-5Spain participated in the 2003 invasion and post-invasion stabilization effort in Iraq, then withdrew its troops in 2004. Spain later sent personnel to Iraq for international efforts against ISIS, including military training.
Relación general
+5The relationship has a mixed security history: Spanish military participation in the 2003 invasion and stabilization effort was followed by troop withdrawal, while later Spanish contributions to anti-ISIS training created a basis for cooperation. These opposing features shape the enduring bilateral relationship.
Cómo interpretar estas puntuaciones
Las puntuaciones son valoraciones aproximadas, no mediciones objetivas ni una verificación actual. Las puntuaciones direccionales describen políticas y actuaciones gubernamentales, no la opinión pública. La puntuación general es una estimación independiente, nunca un promedio.
- −100
- Hostilidad extrema y sostenida
- −50
- Considerablemente adversa
- 0
- Mixta o neutral, respaldada por información
- +50
- Considerablemente cooperativa
- +100
- Asociación excepcionalmente estrecha y sostenida
«Sin evaluar» significa que no hay una puntuación registrada. La existencia de una pareja no implica reconocimiento diplomático ni relaciones establecidas.
Contexto de la relación
Panorama general
Spain’s 2003 participation in the invasion and subsequent stabilization effort was followed by withdrawal of its troops in 2004. Later, Spain contributed personnel to international efforts in Iraq against ISIS, including military training. The relationship therefore combines a serious episode of Spanish military intervention with later security cooperation; the extent of other direct bilateral cooperation is less clear.
Áreas de tensión
- Spain’s participation in the 2003 invasion and post-invasion military presence in Iraq.
Acontecimientos clave
Spain participated in the invasion of Iraq and deployed troops for the post-invasion stabilization effort.
Spain withdrew its troops from Iraq.
Spain contributed military personnel to international efforts in Iraq against ISIS, including training Iraqi forces.
Principales incertidumbres
- The scope of bilateral cooperation beyond security and military training is unclear.
- The scale and continuity of Iraqi-Spanish government cooperation in recent years are uncertain.