Ficha de relación
Italia
Venezuela
Evaluación de la relación
Las explicaciones registradas están disponibles actualmente en inglés.
Political friction coexists with continuing energy cooperation between Italy and Venezuela.
Italia hacia Venezuela
-10Italy has joined European Union restrictive measures concerning Venezuela and has criticized the Maduro government's democratic record, while maintaining political engagement rather than cutting ties.
Venezuela hacia Italia
+10Venezuela has continued energy cooperation with Italy's Eni through arrangements with state oil company PDVSA, including agreements concerning gas projects.
Relación general
0The relationship combines Italian criticism of Venezuela's political course and participation in EU restrictive measures with continuing energy cooperation involving Eni and PDVSA. Neither feature appears to define the full relationship, and the practical scope of energy cooperation remains unclear.
Cómo interpretar estas puntuaciones
Las puntuaciones son valoraciones aproximadas, no mediciones objetivas ni una verificación actual. Las puntuaciones direccionales describen políticas y actuaciones gubernamentales, no la opinión pública. La puntuación general es una estimación independiente, nunca un promedio.
- −100
- Hostilidad extrema y sostenida
- −50
- Considerablemente adversa
- 0
- Mixta o neutral, respaldada por información
- +50
- Considerablemente cooperativa
- +100
- Asociación excepcionalmente estrecha y sostenida
«Sin evaluar» significa que no hay una puntuación registrada. La existencia de una pareja no implica reconocimiento diplomático ni relaciones establecidas.
Contexto de la relación
Panorama general
Italy has maintained political engagement with Venezuela while taking a critical stance toward the Maduro government and participating in European Union restrictive measures. Venezuela has retained energy cooperation with Italian state-linked company Eni, including an agreement involving gas projects. Political disagreement and continuing energy ties characterize the relationship, though the scope and implementation of cooperation are not fully clear.
Áreas de tensión
- Italian criticism of Venezuela's democratic conditions and political process
- EU restrictive measures concerning Venezuela
Acontecimientos clave
Eni and PDVSA reached arrangements concerning Venezuelan gas projects, supporting continued energy cooperation involving Italy and Venezuela.
Principales incertidumbres
- The implementation and scope of the Eni-PDVSA gas arrangements are unclear.
- The extent of current Italian government engagement with Venezuelan authorities is uncertain.