Ficha de relación
Estados Unidos
Venezuela
Evaluación de la relación
Las explicaciones registradas están disponibles actualmente en inglés.
Sustained political and economic confrontation, with limited transactional cooperation
Estados Unidos hacia Venezuela
-70The United States has imposed sanctions on Venezuelan officials and the oil sector and recognized opposition leader Juan Guaidó as interim president in 2019. In 2023, it temporarily eased some oil-related sanctions following an electoral agreement, while maintaining the possibility of renewed restrictions.
Venezuela hacia Estados Unidos
-70Venezuela broke diplomatic relations with the United States in 2019 and has repeatedly opposed U.S. sanctions and pressure on its government. The Venezuelan government also participated in a 2023 prisoner exchange that returned detained Americans to the United States.
Relación general
-70The relationship is shaped by sustained U.S. sanctions and political pressure, Venezuela’s rejection of those measures and rupture of diplomatic relations, and recurring disputes over political legitimacy and elections. The 2023 electoral agreement and prisoner exchange show that limited, issue-specific negotiations remain possible, but they have not displaced the broader confrontation.
Cómo interpretar estas puntuaciones
Las puntuaciones son valoraciones aproximadas, no mediciones objetivas ni una verificación actual. Las puntuaciones direccionales describen políticas y actuaciones gubernamentales, no la opinión pública. La puntuación general es una estimación independiente, nunca un promedio.
- −100
- Hostilidad extrema y sostenida
- −50
- Considerablemente adversa
- 0
- Mixta o neutral, respaldada por información
- +50
- Considerablemente cooperativa
- +100
- Asociación excepcionalmente estrecha y sostenida
«Sin evaluar» significa que no hay una puntuación registrada. La existencia de una pareja no implica reconocimiento diplomático ni relaciones establecidas.
Contexto de la relación
Panorama general
United States–Venezuela relations have been marked by sustained confrontation over Venezuela’s government, elections, sanctions, and oil policy. The United States has imposed sanctions and recognized opposition leader Juan Guaidó as interim president, while Venezuela broke diplomatic relations with the United States in 2019. Limited cooperation has occurred, including a 2023 prisoner exchange and temporary U.S. sanctions relief tied to an electoral agreement.
Áreas de tensión
- U.S. sanctions on Venezuelan officials and the oil sector
- U.S. recognition of opposition leadership and disputes over political legitimacy
- Electoral conditions and restrictions on opposition candidates
- Venezuelan opposition to U.S. pressure and sanctions
Acontecimientos clave
The United States recognized Juan Guaidó as Venezuela’s interim president, and Nicolás Maduro’s government announced that it was breaking diplomatic relations with the United States.
The United States temporarily eased some oil-related sanctions after Venezuelan government and opposition representatives signed an electoral agreement in Barbados.
The United States and Venezuela carried out a prisoner exchange, including the release of ten detained Americans by Venezuela and the return of Alex Saab to Venezuela.
Principales incertidumbres
- The durability and implementation of electoral commitments tied to U.S. sanctions relief remain uncertain.
- The scope of ongoing energy and consular arrangements is unclear.