Ficha de relación
Ciudad del Vaticano
People's Republic of China
Evaluación de la relación
Las explicaciones registradas están disponibles actualmente en inglés.
Bishop-appointment cooperation continues amid disputes over implementation and religious governance.
Ciudad del Vaticano hacia People's Republic of China
+15The Holy See has pursued engagement with China on Catholic Church affairs and signed a provisional agreement with Beijing in 2018 concerning the appointment of bishops, later renewing it. The Holy See has also objected to Chinese appointments made without its agreement.
People's Republic of China hacia Ciudad del Vaticano
-25China entered into a provisional agreement with the Holy See on episcopal appointments, but its implementation has been disputed. In 2022, the Holy See objected after Chinese authorities appointed a bishop in Jiangxi without its approval; in 2023, Beijing appointed a bishop to Shanghai without prior consultation.
Relación general
-10The relationship combines sustained engagement over the governance of the Catholic Church in China with recurring disputes about episcopal appointments and state authority over religious affairs. The provisional agreement provides a channel for cooperation, but contested implementation and the Holy See’s diplomatic ties with Taiwan remain significant structural sources of friction.
Cómo interpretar estas puntuaciones
Las puntuaciones son valoraciones aproximadas, no mediciones objetivas ni una verificación actual. Las puntuaciones direccionales describen políticas y actuaciones gubernamentales, no la opinión pública. La puntuación general es una estimación independiente, nunca un promedio.
- −100
- Hostilidad extrema y sostenida
- −50
- Considerablemente adversa
- 0
- Mixta o neutral, respaldada por información
- +50
- Considerablemente cooperativa
- +100
- Asociación excepcionalmente estrecha y sostenida
«Sin evaluar» significa que no hay una puntuación registrada. La existencia de una pareja no implica reconocimiento diplomático ni relaciones establecidas.
Contexto de la relación
Panorama general
The Holy See and China maintain a channel of engagement over the appointment of Catholic bishops, including a provisional agreement first signed in 2018 and subsequently renewed. Cooperation has been accompanied by disputes over implementation and the Chinese state’s control of religious affairs. The Holy See also maintains diplomatic relations with Taiwan, a point of sensitivity in its dealings with Beijing.
Áreas de tensión
- Disputes over whether Chinese authorities consult the Holy See before appointing bishops
- Chinese state control of religious affairs and the Catholic Church
- The Holy See's diplomatic relations with Taiwan
Acontecimientos clave
The Holy See and China signed a provisional agreement concerning the appointment of bishops.
The Holy See objected to China's appointment of a bishop in Jiangxi without its approval.
China appointed a bishop to Shanghai without prior consultation with the Holy See; the Holy See later appointed him to the post.
Principales incertidumbres
- The full terms and practical implementation of the bishop-appointment agreement are not public.
- The extent to which Chinese authorities will consult the Holy See before episcopal appointments remains uncertain.