Relationship dossier
Armenia
Kazakhstan
Relationship assessment
A cooperative bilateral framework anchored by a friendship treaty and diplomatic engagement
Armenia toward Kazakhstan
+25Armenia participates with Kazakhstan in the bilateral framework established by the 1999 Treaty on Friendship and Cooperation and in intergovernmental cooperation mechanisms. Armenia also welcomed Kazakhstan's hosting of Armenian-Azerbaijani peace negotiations in Almaty in 2024.
Kazakhstan toward Armenia
+25Kazakhstan maintains the bilateral framework established by the 1999 Treaty on Friendship and Cooperation and participates in intergovernmental cooperation mechanisms with Armenia. In 2024, Kazakhstan hosted Armenian-Azerbaijani peace negotiations in Almaty, an initiative welcomed by Armenia.
Overall relationship
+25The relationship is structured around a friendship treaty and bilateral cooperation mechanisms, with Kazakhstan also playing a constructive diplomatic role by hosting Armenian-Azerbaijani negotiations. These features indicate a cooperative relationship, while the breadth and practical implementation of bilateral arrangements remain unclear.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Armenia and Kazakhstan maintain a cooperative bilateral framework, including a 1999 Treaty on Friendship and Cooperation and intergovernmental cooperation mechanisms. Kazakhstan also hosted Armenian-Azerbaijani peace negotiations in Almaty in 2024, a diplomatic initiative welcomed by Armenia. The relationship appears cooperative, though the scope and implementation of bilateral cooperation are not fully clear.
Key developments
Armenia and Kazakhstan signed a Treaty on Friendship and Cooperation.
Kazakhstan hosted Armenian-Azerbaijani peace negotiations in Almaty, an initiative welcomed by Armenia.
Major uncertainties
- The scope and implementation of bilateral agreements and intergovernmental cooperation are unclear.
- The extent of ongoing bilateral cooperation beyond established frameworks is unclear.