Relationship dossier
Bermuda
Kingdom of the Netherlands
Relationship assessment
Bilateral cooperation is centered on tax information exchange, within Bermuda’s limited external-relations authority.
Bermuda toward Kingdom of the Netherlands
+15Bermuda has entered into a tax information exchange arrangement with the Kingdom of the Netherlands, providing a specific channel for cooperation on tax matters.
Kingdom of the Netherlands toward Bermuda
+15The Kingdom of the Netherlands has a tax information exchange arrangement with Bermuda, providing a specific channel for cooperation on tax matters.
Overall relationship
+15The relationship has a narrow cooperative foundation in tax information exchange rather than a broad bilateral partnership. Bermuda's status as a British Overseas Territory also limits the extent to which the relationship reflects an independent foreign policy.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Bermuda and the Kingdom of the Netherlands have a bilateral tax information exchange arrangement, providing a concrete but narrow basis for government cooperation. Bermuda is a British Overseas Territory, and its external relations are constitutionally limited; this relationship does not represent a broad independent foreign policy.
Key developments
Bermuda and the Kingdom of the Netherlands concluded a tax information exchange arrangement.
Major uncertainties
- The current scope and implementation of tax information exchange are unclear.
- The extent of Bermuda's delegated authority over this bilateral arrangement is unclear.