Relationship dossier
Bermuda
United States
Relationship assessment
Practical cooperation, including tax-information exchange, within Bermuda’s status as a British Overseas Territory
Bermuda toward United States
+20Bermuda’s government has cooperated with the United States through tax-information exchange arrangements. Bermuda has substantial self-government, but the United Kingdom retains responsibility for its foreign affairs.
United States toward Bermuda
+20The United States has engaged Bermuda in tax-information exchange arrangements, providing a concrete channel for government cooperation. Bermuda’s status as a British Overseas Territory shapes the scope of direct bilateral relations.
Overall relationship
+20The relationship includes practical cooperation through tax-information exchange, but Bermuda’s foreign affairs remain the responsibility of the United Kingdom. This constitutional arrangement shapes the bilateral structure; the breadth of cooperation beyond specific arrangements is unclear.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Bermuda has substantial self-government, while the United Kingdom retains responsibility for its foreign affairs. Bermuda and the United States have engaged in concrete cooperation, including tax-information exchange. The relationship is therefore shaped by practical bilateral arrangements alongside Bermuda’s constitutional status; the scope of wider government cooperation is less clear.
Key developments
Bermuda and the United States entered into a tax-information exchange arrangement.
Major uncertainties
- The scope and implementation of tax-information and other government cooperation are unclear.
- The extent of direct U.S.–Bermuda cooperation beyond specific agreements is unclear.