Relationship dossier
Brazil
Mexico
Relationship assessment
A strategic partnership with economic cooperation and recurring policy friction
Brazil toward Mexico
+35Brazil has pursued bilateral economic cooperation with Mexico through ACE 53 and participates in a strategic partnership framework with the Mexican government. The scope of practical cooperation under these arrangements is unclear.
Mexico toward Brazil
+25Mexico has pursued bilateral economic cooperation with Brazil through ACE 53 and participates in a strategic partnership framework with the Brazilian government. Mexico’s 2022 reintroduction of visa requirements for Brazilian visitors added friction to people-to-people travel.
Overall relationship
+30The bilateral relationship has enduring institutional and economic cooperation through a strategic partnership and ACE 53, alongside limits to economic integration and friction over travel requirements. These features support a generally cooperative relationship that is not a close or comprehensive partnership.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Brazil and Mexico maintain a strategic partnership and have pursued bilateral economic cooperation through the Economic Complementation Agreement (ACE 53). Their relationship also includes recurring policy friction, notably Mexico’s 2022 reintroduction of visa requirements for Brazilian visitors. Cooperation is meaningful but has not produced broad economic integration, and the scope and implementation of bilateral initiatives are unclear.
Areas of tension
- Mexico’s 2022 reintroduction of visa requirements for Brazilian visitors.
- Limited progress toward broader bilateral trade liberalization.
Key developments
Brazil and Mexico established a strategic partnership framework.
The two governments signed Economic Complementation Agreement ACE 53.
Mexico reintroduced visa requirements for Brazilian visitors.
Major uncertainties
- The scope and implementation of cooperation under the strategic partnership are unclear.
- The extent of progress on expanding bilateral trade arrangements is uncertain.