Relationship dossier
Canada
Mongolia
Relationship assessment
Constructive relations supported by development cooperation and an investment protection agreement
Canada toward Mongolia
+30Canada provided development assistance to Mongolia, including support in areas such as governance and the mining sector, and concluded a bilateral investment protection agreement with Mongolia.
Mongolia toward Canada
+30Mongolia concluded a bilateral investment protection agreement with Canada, creating a framework for investment ties.
Overall relationship
+30The relationship has a practical cooperative basis in Canadian development assistance and a bilateral investment protection agreement that entered into force in 2017. These arrangements indicate constructive engagement, although the breadth and durability of cooperation beyond these areas are uncertain.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Canada and Mongolia have maintained constructive bilateral relations, including Canadian development assistance to Mongolia and a bilateral foreign investment protection agreement that entered into force in 2017. These initiatives support practical cooperation, though the scale and breadth of sustained government collaboration are unclear.
Key developments
Canada and Mongolia's bilateral foreign investment protection agreement entered into force.
Canada provided development assistance to Mongolia, including support related to governance and mining.
Major uncertainties
- The current scope of Canadian development cooperation with Mongolia is unclear.
- The extent of implementation and practical impact of the investment agreement is unclear.