Relationship dossier
Canada
Zambia
Relationship assessment
Cooperation through Canadian development assistance and a bilateral investment agreement
Canada toward Zambia
+30Canada has provided development assistance to Zambia and concluded a bilateral investment protection agreement with the Zambian government.
Zambia toward Canada
+25Zambia concluded a bilateral investment protection agreement with Canada, providing a framework for bilateral economic cooperation.
Overall relationship
+30The relationship has a cooperative foundation in Canadian development assistance and a bilateral investment protection agreement. The known arrangements support a positive assessment, while their scope and implementation are not clear enough to characterize the partnership as especially close.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Canada and Zambia have maintained a cooperative relationship that includes Canadian development assistance and a bilateral investment protection agreement. These arrangements provide a basis for cooperation, although the breadth and implementation of bilateral initiatives are unclear.
Key developments
Canada and Zambia concluded a bilateral investment protection agreement.
Major uncertainties
- The scope and current implementation of bilateral investment protections are unclear.
- Details of Zambia’s government cooperation with Canada beyond bilateral arrangements are limited.