Relationship dossier
People's Republic of China
North Macedonia
Relationship assessment
Practical cooperation on infrastructure, development frameworks and COVID-19 vaccines
People's Republic of China toward North Macedonia
+30China supported road infrastructure projects in North Macedonia through Chinese financing and construction involvement, and supplied COVID-19 vaccines to the country. These actions reflect practical cooperation, though the broader scope of Chinese government engagement is unclear.
North Macedonia toward People's Republic of China
+20North Macedonia engaged with China through Belt and Road cooperation and the China–Central and Eastern European framework. Its participation and cooperation on infrastructure projects indicate practical engagement, while the breadth of bilateral government cooperation is unclear.
Overall relationship
+25The relationship has included practical cooperation on infrastructure and participation in bilateral and regional cooperation frameworks, alongside Chinese vaccine supply during the COVID-19 pandemic. These ties indicate a cooperative bilateral structure, but the limited range of known examples does not support characterizing it as a close or comprehensive partnership.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
China and North Macedonia have pursued practical cooperation, including Chinese-backed road construction and North Macedonia’s participation in Belt and Road and China–Central and Eastern European cooperation frameworks. China also supplied COVID-19 vaccines to North Macedonia. The relationship has been cooperative, though the scope and durability of cooperation beyond these areas are unclear.
Key developments
North Macedonia engaged in Belt and Road cooperation with China.
Chinese financing and construction involvement supported road infrastructure projects in North Macedonia.
China supplied COVID-19 vaccines to North Macedonia.
Major uncertainties
- The scope and implementation of bilateral cooperation frameworks are unclear.
- The extent of ongoing Chinese-backed infrastructure and other government cooperation is uncertain.