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Relationship dossier

People's Republic of China Panama

Relationship assessment

Bilateral cooperation expanded after Panama established relations with the People's Republic of China in 2017.

People's Republic of China toward Panama

+35

China established diplomatic relations with Panama in 2017 and pursued bilateral cooperation through agreements and Belt and Road Initiative engagement.

Panama toward People's Republic of China

+35

Panama recognized the People's Republic of China in 2017 and joined the Belt and Road Initiative, providing a basis for expanded bilateral cooperation.

Overall relationship

+35

The relationship has a cooperative framework built around Panama's 2017 recognition of the People's Republic of China, subsequent government agreements, and Panama's participation in the Belt and Road Initiative. Trade and investment are important elements, although the scope and implementation of cooperation remain unclear.

How to read these scores

Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.

−100
Extreme sustained hostility
−50
Substantially adversarial
0
Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
+50
Substantially cooperative
+100
Exceptionally close sustained partnership

“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.

Relationship context

Knowledge coverageLimited

Overview

China and Panama developed formal bilateral cooperation after Panama recognized the People's Republic of China in 2017. The governments signed cooperation agreements, and Panama joined China's Belt and Road Initiative. Trade and investment have featured prominently in the relationship, though the extent and implementation of specific projects are unclear.

Key developments

Major uncertainties

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