Relationship dossier
Hong Kong
Brunei
Relationship assessment
Economic cooperation includes a bilateral tax agreement and Hong Kong–ASEAN trade arrangements that apply to Brunei.
Hong Kong toward Brunei
+25Hong Kong participates in a bilateral tax agreement with Brunei and in the Hong Kong–ASEAN free trade agreement, which applies to Brunei. Hong Kong's external affairs are subject to China's central government.
Brunei toward Hong Kong
+25Brunei participates in a bilateral tax agreement with Hong Kong and, as an ASEAN member, in the Hong Kong–ASEAN free trade agreement.
Overall relationship
+25The relationship has a practical economic foundation through bilateral tax cooperation and Hong Kong–ASEAN trade arrangements applicable to Brunei. These arrangements indicate concrete cooperation, though its broader scope is unclear. Hong Kong's external relations are subject to China's central government.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Hong Kong and Brunei participate in concrete economic cooperation, including a bilateral tax agreement and the Hong Kong–ASEAN free trade agreement, which applies to Brunei. Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China, and its external affairs are subject to the Chinese central government. The known cooperation is substantive but primarily economic; its full scope and implementation are unclear.
Key developments
Hong Kong and Brunei concluded a bilateral agreement for the avoidance of double taxation and prevention of fiscal evasion.
The Hong Kong–ASEAN free trade agreement entered into force for participating ASEAN members, including Brunei.
Major uncertainties
- The scope and implementation of bilateral tax cooperation are unclear.
- The extent of direct Hong Kong–Brunei cooperation beyond economic agreements is unclear.
- Hong Kong's external relations are subject to China's central government.