Relationship dossier
Hong Kong
Kingdom of the Netherlands
Relationship assessment
Tax cooperation alongside a Dutch suspension of extradition arrangements
Hong Kong toward Kingdom of the Netherlands
+25Hong Kong concluded a double-taxation agreement with the Netherlands, reflecting cooperation in tax administration and economic affairs.
Kingdom of the Netherlands toward Hong Kong
-10The Netherlands suspended its extradition agreement with Hong Kong in 2020, citing concerns related to Hong Kong's national security law. The two sides also concluded a double-taxation agreement.
Overall relationship
+5The relationship includes practical cooperation in tax affairs but is constrained by the Netherlands' 2020 suspension of extradition arrangements amid concerns about Hong Kong's national security law. Hong Kong's external relations are conducted within the limits of its special-administrative-region status.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Hong Kong conducts external relations in certain fields under the framework of its status as a special administrative region of China. Hong Kong and the Netherlands concluded a double-taxation agreement, while the Netherlands suspended its extradition agreement with Hong Kong in 2020 amid concerns over the national security law. These economic and legal ties coexist with a significant disagreement over extradition and security.
Areas of tension
- The Netherlands' suspension of extradition cooperation following the implementation of Hong Kong's national security law.
Key developments
Hong Kong and the Netherlands concluded a double-taxation agreement.
The Netherlands suspended its extradition agreement with Hong Kong amid concerns related to Hong Kong's national security law.
Major uncertainties
- The scope and practical implementation of bilateral economic arrangements are unclear.
- The future status of extradition cooperation is uncertain.