Relationship dossier
Iraq
Lebanon
Relationship assessment
Fuel-oil arrangement highlights practical cooperation between Iraq and Lebanon
Iraq toward Lebanon
+30The Iraqi government arranged fuel-oil supplies for Lebanon in 2021, providing practical support during Lebanon’s energy crisis.
Lebanon toward Iraq
+20The Lebanese government negotiated the 2021 fuel-oil arrangement and agreed to provide services to Iraq in exchange for Iraqi fuel.
Overall relationship
+25The relationship includes a concrete, reciprocal economic arrangement: Iraqi fuel-oil supplies for Lebanon in exchange for Lebanese services to Iraq. This supports a cooperative assessment, while limited detail about implementation and other sustained initiatives makes the broader relationship difficult to characterize more strongly.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Iraq and Lebanon have maintained government relations that include practical economic cooperation. In 2021, the governments arranged Iraqi fuel-oil supplies for Lebanon, with Lebanese services to Iraq as part of the exchange. The arrangement is a concrete example of cooperation, though its scope and longer-term implementation are unclear.
Key developments
Iraq and Lebanon arranged for Iraqi fuel oil to be supplied to Lebanon in exchange for Lebanese services.
Major uncertainties
- The extent and implementation of the fuel-oil arrangement beyond its initial terms are unclear.
- The scope of other sustained government-to-government cooperation is unclear.