Relationship dossier
Iraq
Serbia
Relationship assessment
Iraq and Serbia maintain practical cooperation, with shared opposition to Kosovo’s independence recognition.
Iraq toward Serbia
+20Iraq has maintained a policy of not recognizing Kosovo’s independence, aligning with Serbia’s position on a central Serbian foreign-policy issue. Iraq has also participated in bilateral defense cooperation with Serbia.
Serbia toward Iraq
+25Serbia has pursued defense cooperation with Iraq, including arrangements for military exchanges and training. Serbian companies have also engaged in economic activity in Iraq, though the scale and continuity of that engagement are unclear.
Overall relationship
+25The relationship has a cooperative foundation in bilateral defense and economic engagement, reinforced by Iraq’s non-recognition of Kosovo. The breadth and durability of these ties remain uncertain, and no major bilateral dispute is identified in this assessment.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Iraq and Serbia have maintained practical cooperation, including defense ties and economic engagement. Iraq’s continued non-recognition of Kosovo is a significant point of alignment with Serbia’s position. The relationship appears cooperative, although the scope and implementation of bilateral arrangements are not fully clear.
Key developments
Iraq and Serbia concluded a bilateral defense cooperation arrangement covering areas such as military exchanges and training.
Iraq maintained its policy of not recognizing Kosovo’s independence, aligning with Serbia’s position.
Major uncertainties
- The scope and implementation of bilateral defense cooperation are unclear.
- The scale and continuity of economic cooperation are uncertain.