Relationship dossier
Israel
North Macedonia
Relationship assessment
Israel and North Macedonia maintain modest cooperation, including a bilateral tax agreement.
Israel toward North Macedonia
+15Israel concluded a bilateral agreement with North Macedonia to avoid double taxation, establishing a framework for economic cooperation.
North Macedonia toward Israel
+15North Macedonia concluded a bilateral agreement with Israel to avoid double taxation, establishing a framework for economic cooperation.
Overall relationship
+15The relationship includes a concrete economic framework through the bilateral agreement to avoid double taxation. The breadth of cooperation beyond that arrangement is unclear, so the overall relationship is best characterized as modestly cooperative.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Israel and North Macedonia have a modest cooperative relationship, including a bilateral agreement to avoid double taxation. The agreement provides a concrete framework for economic cooperation, but the breadth and implementation of other government-to-government cooperation are unclear.
Key developments
Israel and North Macedonia concluded an agreement to avoid double taxation.
Major uncertainties
- The scope and implementation of bilateral cooperation beyond the tax agreement are unclear.
- Details of recent government-to-government cooperation are limited.