Relationship dossier
Italy
Macau
Relationship assessment
Italy and Macau maintain a narrow, cooperative relationship centered on a bilateral tax agreement.
Italy toward Macau
+15Italy concluded an agreement with Macau to avoid double taxation and prevent tax evasion, providing a concrete basis for tax cooperation.
Macau toward Italy
+15Macau concluded an agreement with Italy to avoid double taxation and prevent tax evasion, providing a concrete basis for tax cooperation. Macau conducts external relations within its status as a special administrative region of China.
Overall relationship
+15The bilateral tax agreement is a durable, concrete cooperative feature. Macau’s status as a special administrative region frames its external relations, while the scope of other direct cooperation is unclear.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Italy and Macau have a concrete bilateral tax arrangement: an agreement to avoid double taxation and prevent tax evasion. Macau is a special administrative region of China, and its external relations operate within that constitutional framework. The tax agreement supports a positive but relatively narrow assessment; broader bilateral government cooperation is less clear.
Key developments
Italy and Macau concluded an agreement to avoid double taxation and prevent tax evasion.
Major uncertainties
- The extent of cooperation beyond the bilateral tax agreement is unclear.
- Details about the agreement’s implementation and subsequent bilateral activity are limited.