Relationship dossier
Japan
Liechtenstein
Relationship assessment
Japan and Liechtenstein cooperate through a bilateral convention on income taxation.
Japan toward Liechtenstein
+15Japan cooperates with Liechtenstein through a bilateral convention addressing double taxation and fiscal evasion on income.
Liechtenstein toward Japan
+15Liechtenstein cooperates with Japan through a bilateral convention addressing double taxation and fiscal evasion on income.
Overall relationship
+15The bilateral relationship includes a concrete framework for cooperation on income taxation, while the breadth of other government-to-government cooperation and any significant disagreements are unclear.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Japan and Liechtenstein have a cooperative bilateral relationship that includes a convention on income-tax matters, providing for the avoidance of double taxation and prevention of fiscal evasion. The scope of broader government cooperation is less clear.
Key developments
Japan and Liechtenstein concluded a convention on income taxation addressing double taxation and fiscal evasion.
Major uncertainties
- The scope of bilateral cooperation beyond tax matters is unclear.
- The practical implementation and use of the tax convention are unclear.