Relationship dossier
Mexico
Peru
Relationship assessment
Regional cooperation has coexisted with serious diplomatic friction over Peru’s political crisis.
Mexico toward Peru
-25Mexico granted asylum to members of former Peruvian president Pedro Castillo’s family and criticized Peru’s treatment of Castillo after his removal from office. President Andrés Manuel López Obrador’s statements prompted Peru to expel Mexico’s ambassador and contributed to a prolonged diplomatic dispute. Mexico also remained engaged with Peru through the Pacific Alliance.
Peru toward Mexico
-25Peru expelled Mexico’s ambassador in December 2022 after Mexico’s criticism of Peru’s handling of former president Pedro Castillo. In May 2023, Peru’s Congress declared President Andrés Manuel López Obrador persona non grata, citing his statements about Peru’s government. Peru nevertheless remained involved in regional cooperation with Mexico through the Pacific Alliance.
Overall relationship
-10The relationship combines regional cooperation through the Pacific Alliance with a serious political and diplomatic dispute following Pedro Castillo’s removal from office. Mexico’s asylum decision and public criticism drew forceful responses from Peru, including the expulsion of Mexico’s ambassador and the declaration of López Obrador as persona non grata. These opposing features point to a strained but not wholly adversarial bilateral structure.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Mexico and Peru have participated in regional cooperation through the Pacific Alliance, but relations were strained by Mexico’s support for former Peruvian president Pedro Castillo and criticism of Peru’s post-Castillo government. Peru responded with diplomatic measures, including expelling Mexico’s ambassador and declaring President Andrés Manuel López Obrador persona non grata. These disputes substantially complicated otherwise cooperative regional ties.
Areas of tension
- Mexico’s criticism of Peru’s government following Pedro Castillo’s removal from office.
- Mexico’s asylum for members of Castillo’s family.
- Peru’s expulsion of Mexico’s ambassador and declaration of López Obrador persona non grata.
Key developments
Peru expelled Mexico’s ambassador after Mexico criticized Peru’s handling of former president Pedro Castillo.
Peru’s Congress declared Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador persona non grata.
Mexico granted asylum to members of former Peruvian president Pedro Castillo’s family.
Major uncertainties
- The extent to which Pacific Alliance cooperation continued amid the political dispute is unclear.
- The longer-term effects of the diplomatic measures on bilateral government cooperation are uncertain.