Relationship dossier
Kingdom of the Netherlands
Peru
Relationship assessment
Cooperation includes trade and water management
Kingdom of the Netherlands toward Peru
+20The Netherlands participates in the EU–Peru trade agreement and has engaged Peru in cooperation on water management.
Peru toward Kingdom of the Netherlands
+20Peru participates in the EU–Peru trade agreement and has engaged the Netherlands in cooperation on water management.
Overall relationship
+20The relationship has a cooperative foundation in the EU–Peru trade agreement and bilateral water-management engagement. These areas indicate practical cooperation, though their breadth and durability do not establish a close strategic partnership.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
The Netherlands and Peru have cooperative ties that include participation in the EU–Peru trade agreement and bilateral cooperation on water management. These provide substantive areas of engagement, although the breadth and continuity of direct government cooperation beyond them are unclear.
Key developments
The EU–Peru trade agreement began provisional application for Peru.
Major uncertainties
- The scope and continuity of Dutch-Peruvian water-management cooperation are unclear.
- The extent of direct government cooperation beyond trade and water management is unclear.