Relationship dossier
Kingdom of the Netherlands
Spain
Relationship assessment
Cooperative EU and NATO partners with a bilateral framework for friendship and cooperation
Kingdom of the Netherlands toward Spain
+35The Dutch government joined Spain in establishing a Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation in 2001, providing a bilateral framework for political and practical cooperation. The Netherlands also works with Spain through shared EU and NATO commitments.
Spain toward Kingdom of the Netherlands
+35The Spanish government joined the Netherlands in establishing a Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation in 2001, providing a bilateral framework for political and practical cooperation. Spain also works with the Netherlands through shared EU and NATO commitments.
Overall relationship
+35The relationship is structured by a bilateral cooperation treaty and sustained interaction within the EU and NATO. These arrangements support a cooperative partnership, although the breadth of specific bilateral activity is uncertain.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
The Netherlands and Spain maintain a cooperative relationship within the European Union and NATO, supported by a bilateral Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation signed in 2001. Their partnership provides a framework for political and practical cooperation, though the scope and recent implementation of specific bilateral initiatives are unclear.
Key developments
The Netherlands and Spain signed a Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation, establishing a framework for bilateral cooperation.
Major uncertainties
- The scope and implementation of bilateral cooperation under the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation are unclear.
- Details of recent bilateral government initiatives are limited.