Relationship dossier
Panama
Poland
Relationship assessment
Bilateral tax cooperation provides a concrete, though relatively narrow, foundation for Panama–Poland relations.
Panama toward Poland
+15Panama joined Poland in establishing a bilateral tax treaty addressing double taxation and tax evasion.
Poland toward Panama
+15Poland joined Panama in establishing a bilateral tax treaty addressing double taxation and tax evasion.
Overall relationship
+15The relationship includes a bilateral tax treaty, a substantive but relatively narrow cooperative arrangement. Broader durable cooperation or significant bilateral disputes are unclear.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Panama and Poland have a bilateral tax treaty that provides a framework for addressing double taxation and tax evasion. This is a concrete area of government cooperation, but the scope and implementation of broader bilateral cooperation are unclear.
Key developments
Panama and Poland concluded a bilateral tax treaty addressing double taxation and tax evasion.
Major uncertainties
- The extent of practical cooperation under the bilateral tax treaty is unclear.
- Details of cooperation beyond tax matters are limited.