Relationship dossier
Poland
Ukraine
Relationship assessment
Close Polish-Ukrainian partnership, with significant support and recurring disputes over trade and historical issues
Poland toward Ukraine
+55Poland has provided Ukraine with military and humanitarian assistance, received large numbers of people displaced by Russia’s invasion, and advocated for Ukraine’s European integration. Polish-Ukrainian security cooperation has also been formalized. Disputes over Ukrainian agricultural imports and historical issues have complicated this support.
Ukraine toward Poland
+40Ukraine has pursued security cooperation with Poland, including through a bilateral security agreement, and cooperated with Poland on matters related to Russia’s invasion. Disputes over agricultural imports and historical issues, including exhumations, have at times strained the relationship.
Overall relationship
+45The relationship is characterized by substantial Polish support for Ukraine and growing security cooperation, alongside close coordination over Russia’s invasion. Trade disputes over agricultural imports and unresolved historical issues have created recurring friction, making the partnership significant but not free of tensions.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Poland has been a major supporter of Ukraine since Russia’s full-scale invasion, providing military and humanitarian assistance, welcoming refugees, and advocating for Ukraine’s European integration. Ukraine and Poland also deepened security cooperation. Their partnership has been strained by disputes over Ukrainian agricultural imports and disagreements concerning historical issues, including exhumations.
Areas of tension
- Disputes over restrictions on Ukrainian agricultural imports and transit through Poland.
- Disagreements over historical memory and the exhumation of victims of past conflicts.
Key developments
Poland expanded military and humanitarian support to Ukraine following Russia’s full-scale invasion and received people displaced by the war.
Poland and Ukraine signed a bilateral security cooperation agreement.
Disputes over Ukrainian agricultural imports led to restrictions and strained bilateral relations.
Major uncertainties
- The future scope and implementation of bilateral security commitments are unclear.
- The resolution of agricultural trade and historical disputes remains uncertain.