Relationship dossier
Russia
Ukraine
Relationship assessment
Russia’s invasion and occupation of Ukrainian territory have made relations intensely hostile.
Russia toward Ukraine
-100The Russian government seized and annexed Crimea in 2014, supported armed separatists in eastern Ukraine, and launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine on 2022-02-24. Russia’s military actions and claims over Ukrainian territory constitute sustained, extreme hostility toward Ukraine.
Ukraine toward Russia
-95Ukraine has resisted Russian military actions, imposed sanctions and other restrictions on Russia, and severed diplomatic relations on 2022-02-24. These measures reflect sustained opposition to Russia’s invasion and actions against Ukrainian sovereignty.
Overall relationship
-100The bilateral relationship is dominated by Russia’s seizure of Ukrainian territory and its full-scale invasion, and by Ukraine’s defense of its sovereignty. Armed conflict, territorial claims, and the breakdown of diplomatic relations define the enduring structure of the relationship.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Russia’s seizure and annexation of Crimea in 2014, support for armed separatists in eastern Ukraine, and full-scale invasion in 2022 have made the relationship one of sustained armed conflict. Ukraine has resisted Russia’s military actions, imposed restrictions and sanctions, and severed diplomatic relations. The conflict over Ukraine’s sovereignty and territory dominates bilateral relations.
Areas of tension
- Russia’s occupation and claimed annexation of Ukrainian territory, including Crimea.
- Russia’s full-scale invasion and ongoing military operations in Ukraine.
- Ukraine’s resistance to Russian forces and rejection of Russian territorial claims.
Key developments
Russia signed a treaty claiming to annex Crimea after taking control of the peninsula.
Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine.
Ukraine severed diplomatic relations with Russia following the invasion.
Major uncertainties
- The duration and terms of any future settlement remain uncertain.
- The scope and implementation of future bilateral arrangements are unclear.