Relationship dossier
South Africa
Spain
Relationship assessment
A cooperative partnership supported by high-level bilateral consultations
South Africa toward Spain
+35The South African government participates in the bilateral strategic partnership with Spain and associated high-level consultations, providing an institutional channel for cooperation.
Spain toward South Africa
+35The Spanish government participates in the bilateral strategic partnership with South Africa and associated high-level consultations, providing an institutional channel for cooperation.
Overall relationship
+35The bilateral relationship has a cooperative institutional foundation in the strategic partnership and high-level consultations. The available scope of concrete cooperation is not sufficiently clear to characterize the relationship as a close partnership.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
South Africa and Spain have maintained a cooperative bilateral relationship, including a strategic partnership and arrangements for high-level consultations. These provide a basis for government-to-government engagement, though the scope and practical impact of cooperation across policy areas are unclear.
Key developments
South Africa and Spain established a strategic partnership, with high-level consultations serving as a channel for bilateral engagement.
Major uncertainties
- The frequency and outcomes of high-level consultations are unclear.
- The current scope and implementation of bilateral cooperation arrangements are uncertain.