Relationship dossier
Sweden
Zambia
Relationship assessment
Development cooperation and investment protections underpin Sweden–Zambia ties
Sweden toward Zambia
+40Sweden has provided bilateral development cooperation to Zambia, including through a cooperation strategy covering 2018–2022. This is a substantive, sustained element of Swedish government policy toward Zambia.
Zambia toward Sweden
+25Zambia has engaged in bilateral development cooperation with Sweden and is party to an investment-protection agreement between the countries. The extent of Zambia’s government cooperation beyond these arrangements is unclear.
Overall relationship
+35The relationship is characterized by sustained Swedish development cooperation and a bilateral investment-protection framework. These arrangements provide a cooperative foundation, though the scale and current implementation of the partnership are not clear.
How to read these scores
Scores are rough judgments, not objective measurements or current verification. Directional scores describe government policy and conduct, not public opinion. The overall score is an independent estimate, never an average.
- −100
- Extreme sustained hostility
- −50
- Substantially adversarial
- 0
- Mixed or neutral, supported by knowledge
- +50
- Substantially cooperative
- +100
- Exceptionally close sustained partnership
“Not assessed” means there is no recorded score. Pair existence makes no claim about diplomatic recognition or established relations.
Relationship context
Overview
Sweden has maintained a substantial development-cooperation relationship with Zambia, including a bilateral cooperation strategy for 2018–2022. Zambia has participated in bilateral development cooperation and is party to an investment-protection agreement with Sweden. These arrangements support a cooperative relationship, although details of Zambia’s government engagement and the present scope of cooperation are unclear.
Key developments
Sweden maintained a bilateral development-cooperation strategy for Zambia covering 2018–2022.
Sweden and Zambia concluded a bilateral investment-protection agreement.
Major uncertainties
- The scope and implementation of bilateral investment protections are unclear.
- Details of Zambia’s government cooperation with Sweden beyond development programs are limited.
- The current scope of Sweden’s bilateral development cooperation with Zambia is unclear.