Ficha de relación
People's Republic of China
España
Evaluación de la relación
Las explicaciones registradas están disponibles actualmente en inglés.
A long-running strategic partnership with substantial engagement, alongside differences shaped by EU-China trade policy.
People's Republic of China hacia España
+35China has maintained a comprehensive strategic partnership with Spain since 2005 and pursued high-level engagement, including Xi Jinping’s 2018 state visit and bilateral cooperation agreements. China has also included Spanish citizens in its visa-free travel policy.
España hacia People's Republic of China
+35Spain maintains a comprehensive strategic partnership with China, joined the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank as a founding member, and signed a cooperation memorandum with China in 2018. Spain has also continued bilateral engagement while operating within EU policy on trade and China.
Relación general
+35The relationship has a durable framework for political and economic cooperation, supported by a strategic partnership and recurring bilateral engagement. Its scope is tempered by EU-China trade and policy disagreements, which affect Spain’s room for independent alignment with Beijing.
Cómo interpretar estas puntuaciones
Las puntuaciones son valoraciones aproximadas, no mediciones objetivas ni una verificación actual. Las puntuaciones direccionales describen políticas y actuaciones gubernamentales, no la opinión pública. La puntuación general es una estimación independiente, nunca un promedio.
- −100
- Hostilidad extrema y sostenida
- −50
- Considerablemente adversa
- 0
- Mixta o neutral, respaldada por información
- +50
- Considerablemente cooperativa
- +100
- Asociación excepcionalmente estrecha y sostenida
«Sin evaluar» significa que no hay una puntuación registrada. La existencia de una pareja no implica reconocimiento diplomático ni relaciones establecidas.
Contexto de la relación
Panorama general
China and Spain maintain a broad cooperative relationship, formalized as a comprehensive strategic partnership in 2005. High-level engagement and economic cooperation have continued, including Spain’s participation in China-related initiatives and bilateral agreements. Their relationship also operates within EU-China trade and policy tensions, which constrain alignment on some issues.
Áreas de tensión
- Differences over EU trade-defence measures affecting Chinese goods, including electric vehicles.
Acontecimientos clave
China and Spain established a comprehensive strategic partnership.
During Xi Jinping’s state visit, the two governments signed a cooperation memorandum associated with China’s Belt and Road Initiative.
Spain joined the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank as a founding member.
Principales incertidumbres
- The implementation and present scope of bilateral cooperation agreements are unclear.
- The extent of specific bilateral economic projects and their outcomes is uncertain.