Ficha de relación
Francia
Mali
Evaluación de la relación
Las explicaciones registradas están disponibles actualmente en inglés.
From close security cooperation to pronounced diplomatic and military confrontation
Francia hacia Mali
-35France intervened militarily in Mali in 2013 at the Malian government’s request and later conducted counterterrorism operations there. France completed the withdrawal of its forces in 2022 after Mali’s transitional authorities demanded their departure; relations became sharply strained.
Mali hacia Francia
-40Mali’s transitional authorities demanded the departure of French forces, and Mali declared the French ambassador persona non grata in January 2022. The government also ended key defense cooperation arrangements with France in 2022, marking a sharp break with earlier security cooperation.
Relación general
-35The relationship shifted from substantial French military engagement in Mali, initially undertaken at Mali’s request, to a major rupture after the coups and disputes over the transition. The withdrawal of French forces and the breakdown in defense and diplomatic cooperation define the more recent bilateral relationship.
Cómo interpretar estas puntuaciones
Las puntuaciones son valoraciones aproximadas, no mediciones objetivas ni una verificación actual. Las puntuaciones direccionales describen políticas y actuaciones gubernamentales, no la opinión pública. La puntuación general es una estimación independiente, nunca un promedio.
- −100
- Hostilidad extrema y sostenida
- −50
- Considerablemente adversa
- 0
- Mixta o neutral, respaldada por información
- +50
- Considerablemente cooperativa
- +100
- Asociación excepcionalmente estrecha y sostenida
«Sin evaluar» significa que no hay una puntuación registrada. La existencia de una pareja no implica reconocimiento diplomático ni relaciones establecidas.
Contexto de la relación
Panorama general
France and Mali had substantial security cooperation, including France’s 2013 military intervention at Mali’s request and subsequent operations against armed groups. Relations deteriorated after Mali’s 2020 and 2021 coups. Mali requested the departure of French forces, which was completed in 2022, and the two governments entered a period of pronounced diplomatic and security confrontation.
Áreas de tensión
- French military presence and the departure of French forces from Mali
- Mali’s transitional authorities and the timetable for a return to civilian rule
- The termination of defense cooperation arrangements
- Diplomatic relations following Mali’s expulsion of the French ambassador
Acontecimientos clave
France launched Operation Serval in Mali at the request of the Malian government.
Mali declared the French ambassador persona non grata amid escalating diplomatic tensions.
France completed the withdrawal of its forces from Mali after the transitional authorities demanded their departure.
Principales incertidumbres
- The scope and current status of remaining bilateral agreements are unclear.
- The extent of any continuing government-to-government cooperation after the French military withdrawal is unclear.