Ficha de relación
Liechtenstein
España
Evaluación de la relación
Las explicaciones registradas están disponibles actualmente en inglés.
Modest cooperation, including a tax information exchange agreement
Liechtenstein hacia España
+15Liechtenstein concluded a bilateral tax information exchange agreement with Spain in 2010, providing a concrete framework for cooperation on tax matters.
España hacia Liechtenstein
+15Spain concluded a bilateral tax information exchange agreement with Liechtenstein in 2010, providing a concrete framework for cooperation on tax matters.
Relación general
+20The relationship includes a bilateral tax information exchange framework and participation in the shared Schengen system. These arrangements indicate practical cooperation, but the known bilateral structure does not establish a close or extensive partnership.
Cómo interpretar estas puntuaciones
Las puntuaciones son valoraciones aproximadas, no mediciones objetivas ni una verificación actual. Las puntuaciones direccionales describen políticas y actuaciones gubernamentales, no la opinión pública. La puntuación general es una estimación independiente, nunca un promedio.
- −100
- Hostilidad extrema y sostenida
- −50
- Considerablemente adversa
- 0
- Mixta o neutral, respaldada por información
- +50
- Considerablemente cooperativa
- +100
- Asociación excepcionalmente estrecha y sostenida
«Sin evaluar» significa que no hay una puntuación registrada. La existencia de una pareja no implica reconocimiento diplomático ni relaciones establecidas.
Contexto de la relación
Panorama general
Liechtenstein and Spain have a modest cooperative relationship, including a bilateral agreement on tax information exchange concluded in 2010. Both countries also participate in the Schengen framework, though this is a multilateral arrangement rather than a distinct bilateral partnership. The known cooperation supports a positive assessment, but its breadth and subsequent implementation are unclear.
Acontecimientos clave
Liechtenstein and Spain concluded a bilateral tax information exchange agreement.
Principales incertidumbres
- The scope and practical use of tax information exchange between the governments are unclear.
- The breadth of other direct bilateral cooperation is unclear.